| Catalog No. | Size | Price (USD) |
| 40591-MM41-20 | 20 µL | $296.22 |
| 40591-MM41-100 | 100 µL | $592.44 |
General Information
| Product name | SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody, Mouse MAb |
| Validated applications | ELISA (FAQ Protocol), ELISA(Det) (FAQ Protocol), IHC-P (FAQ Protocol), FCM (FAQ Protocol) |
| Application notes | (Antibody's applications have not been validated with corresponding viruses. Optimal concentrations/dilutions should be determined by the end user.) |
| Specificity | SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 Has cross-reactivity in ELISA with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (LP.8.1) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H69) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (KP.3.1.1) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H63) SARS-COV-2 Omicron (KP.3) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H64) SARS-CoV-2 (XEC) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H62) SARS-COV-2 Omicron (hk.3) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H153) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (JN.1) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H59) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (EG.5.1) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H55) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (EG.5.1) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H151) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (EG.5.1) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H57) SARS-COV-2 Omicron (KP.2) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H61) SARS-COV-2 Omicron (KP.2) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H156) SARS-COV-2 Omicron (KP.3) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H157) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (XBB.1.16) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H48) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (XBB.1.5) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H146) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (XBB.1.5) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H45) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (XBB.1) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H42) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (XBB) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H144) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BQ.1.1) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H41) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BQ.1.1) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H143) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BF.7) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H39) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.4.6/BF.7) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H140) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.4.6) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H37) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.2.75) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H135) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.2.75) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H36) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.2.75.2) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H141) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.2.75.2) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H38) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.2.3.20) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H142) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.1.1) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H29) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.1.1) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H129) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H26) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) Spike S1 Protein (Cat# 40591-V08H41) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H121) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.2) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H28) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.2) Spike S1 Protein (Cat# 40591-V08H43) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.2.12.1) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H132) SARS-CoV-2 XD(BA.1 x AY.4) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H30) SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (Cat# 40589-V08H10) SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) Spike S1+S2 Protein (Cat# 40589-V08B16) SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) Spike S1 Protein (Cat# 40591-V08H23) SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H90) SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1+S2 ECD Protein (Cat# 40589-V08B1) SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 Protein (Cat# 40591-V05H1) SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 Protein (Cat# 40591-V08H) SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V05H) SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08B) SARS-CoV Spike S1+S2 ECD Protein (Cat# 40634-V08B) Medium cross-reactivity in ELISA with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.2) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H123) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.4) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H130) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.5) Spike RBD Protein (Cat# 40592-V08H131) No cross-reactivity in ELISA with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.2) Spike S1 NTD Protein (Cat# 40591-V08H44) SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) Spike S1 NTD Protein (Cat# 40591-V08H36) MERS-CoV Spike S1+S2 ECD Protein (Cat# 40069-V08B) HCoV-NL63 Spike S1+S2 ECD Protein (Cat# 40604-V08B) HCoV-229E Spike S1+S2 ECD Protein (Cat# 40605-V08B) HCoV-HKU1 (isolate N5) Spike S1+S2 ECD Protein (Cat# 40606-V08B) HCoV-OC43 Spike S1+S2 ECD Protein (Cat# 40607-V08B) |
| Immunogen | Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein (Catalog#40591-V05H1) |
| Preparation | This antibody was produced from a hybridoma resulting from the fusion of a mouse myeloma with B cells obtained from a mouse immunized with purified, recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike (Catalog#40591-V05H1; YP_009724390.1; Val16-Arg685). The IgG fraction of the cell culture supernatant was purified by Protein A affinity chromatography. |
| Source | Monoclonal Mouse IgG1 Clone #41 |
| Purification | Protein A |
| Formulation | 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS |
| Conjugate | Unconjugated |
| Form | Liquid |
| Shipping | This antibody is shipped as liquid solution at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Storage | This antibody can be stored at 2℃-8℃ for one month without detectable loss of activity. Antibody products are stable for twelve months from date of receipt when stored at -20℃ to -80℃. Preservative-Free. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. |
Image / Experimental Information
| Image 1 Description | Flow cytometric analysis of SARS-COV-2 Spike overexpressed HEK293 cells.Cells were stained with purified anti-SARS-COV-2 Spike Mouse MAb, then a FITC-conjugated second step antibody. The fluorescence histograms were derived from gated events with the forward and side light-scatter characteristics of intact cells. (Validation Experiment) |
| Image 1 Alt Text | SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus spike Flow Cytometry (FC) 32514 |
| Image 1 URL | Source image |
| Image 2 Description | Flow cytometric analysis of SARS-COV-2 Spike overexpressed HEK293 cells.Cells were stained with purified anti-SARS-COV-2 Spike Mouse MAb, then a FITC-conjugated second step antibody. The fluorescence histograms were derived from gated events with the forward and side light-scatter characteristics of intact cells. (Validation Experiment) |
| Image 2 Alt Text | SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus spike Immunohistochemistry(IHC) 32669 |
| Image 2 URL | Source image |
Background Information
| Description | The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses contains protrusions that will only bind to certain receptors on the host cell. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2), DPP4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4), APN (aminopeptidase N), CEACAM (carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule), Sia (sialic acid), O-ac Sia (O-acetylated sialic acid). The spike is essential for both host specificity and viral infectivity. The term 'peplomer' is typically used to refer to a grouping of heterologous proteins on the virus surface that function together. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process. It's been reported that SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 coronavirus, 2019-nCoV) can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion. The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity. The main functions for the Spike protein are summarized as: Mediate receptor binding and membrane fusion; Defines the range of the hosts and specificity of the virus; Main component to bind with the neutralizing antibody; Key target for vaccine design; Can be transmitted between different hosts through gene recombination or mutation of the receptor binding domain (RBD), leading to a higher mortality rate. |
| References |
|
[{"title":"Intranasal replicating adenovirus type 4-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccines induce durable and efficacious responses in preclinical testing","authors":["Breanna Kim","Rachel Roenicke","...","Mark Connors"],"journal":"iScience","date":"2026-04-17","pmid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2026.115433","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":1,"techniques":["Binding Assay","Concentration Assay","Expressing","Immunohistochemistry","Infection","Saline","Staining","Transmission Assay"],"bioz_score":"94"},{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies cross-react with dengue virus and enhance infection in vitro and in vivo","authors":["Kamini Jakhar","Sudipta Sonar","...","Shailendra Mani"],"journal":"Frontiers in Immunology","date":"2026-01-15","pmid":"","doi":"","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":0,"techniques":[],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"Engineered migrasomes provide a robust and thermally stable vaccination platform","authors":["Dongju Wang","Haifang Wang","...","Satyajit Rath"],"journal":"eLife","date":"2025-11-13","pmid":"41231123","doi":"10.7554/eLife.97621","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":0,"techniques":["Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay","Western Blot"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"Comparing the plasmonic properties of laser and chemically synthesized SeNPs for Localized surface plasmon resonance detection.","authors":[],"journal":"Journal of Physics: Photonics","date":"2025-08-28","pmid":"","doi":"10.1088/2515-7647/ae007e","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":0,"techniques":[],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"On‐Chip De Novo Production of mRNA Vaccine in Lipid Nanoparticles","authors":["Shai Zilberzwige‐Tal","Aviad Levin","...","Ehud Gazit"],"journal":"Small","date":"2025-06-23","pmid":"40545892","doi":"10.1002/smll.202500114","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":7,"techniques":["Blocking Assay","Imaging","Incubation","Membrane","Western Blot"],"bioz_score":"94"},{"title":"Identification of 4'-Thiouridine as an Orally Available Antiviral Agent Targeting Both RdRp and NiRAN Functions of SARS-CoV-2 Nsp12.","authors":["Minjae Kim","Myoung Kyu Lee","...","Lak Shin Jeong"],"journal":"Journal of Medicinal Chemistry","date":"2025-06-13","pmid":"40512093","doi":"10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c02874","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":1,"techniques":["Activity Assay","Cell Culture","Control","Expressing","Incubation","Luciferase","MTT Assay","Purification","Reporter Assay","Transfection","Virus","Western Blot"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"SEPO-IR: Software-based evaluation process for calculating infection rate","authors":["Hongseok Oh","Hanseul Oh","...","Euijong Lee"],"journal":"SoftwareX","date":"2025-05-01","pmid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.softx.2025.102159","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":0,"techniques":["Blocking Assay","Double Staining","Immunohistochemical staining","Immunohistochemistry","Incubation","Plasmid Preparation","Polymer"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"Adding a Twist to Lateral Flow Immunoassays: A Direct Replacement of Antibodies with Helical Affibodies, from Selection to Application","authors":["Christy J. Sadler","Adam Creamer","...","Molly M. Stevens"],"journal":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","date":"2025-03-26","pmid":"40135773","doi":"10.1021/jacs.4c17452","pmcid":"11987028","cited_by_count":3,"techniques":["Modification","Transmission Electron Microscopy","Zeta Potential Analyzer"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"Direct detection of 4-dimensions of SARS-CoV-2: infection (vRNA), infectivity (antigen), binding antibody, and functional neutralizing antibody in saliva","authors":["Aida Mohammadi","Samantha Chiang","...","David T.W. Wong"],"journal":"Scientific Reports","date":"2024-12-28","pmid":"39730575","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-81019-4","pmcid":"11681011","cited_by_count":0,"techniques":["Antigen Assay","Incubation","Saline"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"Implementation and Validation of MICaFVi: A Highly Efficient Nanotechnology-Based Method for Coronaviruses Detection","authors":["Nosaibah Samman","Haya A. Aljami","...","Atef Nehdi"],"journal":"Sensors and Actuators Reports","date":"2024-12-01","pmid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.snr.2024.100248","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":2,"techniques":["Affinity Purification","Antibody Labeling","Conjugation Assay","Labeling","Multiplex Assay"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"Staggered immunization with mRNA vaccines encoding SARS-CoV-2 polymerase or spike antigens broadens the T cell epitope repertoire.","authors":["Evan R Abt","Alex K Lam","...","Ting-Ting Wu"],"journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","date":"2024-11-26","pmid":"39589869","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2406332121","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":2,"techniques":["Enzyme-linked Immunospot","Imaging","Incubation","Membrane","Molecular Weight","SDS Page","Saline"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"Cellular Nanoparticles Treat Coronavirus Infection in Vivo .","authors":["Yiyan Yu","Daniela Silva-Ayala","...","Liangfang Zhang"],"journal":"Nano Letters","date":"2024-11-13","pmid":"39535430","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c04653","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":1,"techniques":["Binding Assay","Concentration Assay","Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay","Incubation"],"bioz_score":"94"},{"title":"Functionalized N95 Face Mask with a Chemical-Free Paper-Based Collector for Exhaled Breath Analysis: SARS-CoV-2 Detection with a Printed Immunosensor as a Case Study.","authors":["Laura Gutiérrez-Gálvez","Narjiss Seddaoui","...","Fabiana Arduini"],"journal":"ACS Sensors","date":"2024-08-23","pmid":"39093722","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c00981","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":2,"techniques":["Labeling","Produced","Recombinant"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 tropism to intestinal but not gastric epithelial cells is defined by limited ACE2 expression","authors":["Mindaugas Paužuolis","Diana Fatykhova","...","Sina Bartfeld"],"journal":"Stem Cell Reports","date":"2024-04-25","pmid":"38670110","doi":"10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.03.008","pmcid":"11103887","cited_by_count":1,"techniques":["Fluorescence","Incubation","Infection","Microscopy","Staining"],"bioz_score":"94"},{"title":"A Cocktail of Lipid Nanoparticle-mRNA Vaccines Broaden Immune Responses against β-Coronaviruses in a Murine Model","authors":["Yi Zhang","Jialu Zhang","...","Susan Baker"],"journal":"Viruses","date":"2024-03-21","pmid":"38543849","doi":"10.3390/v16030484","pmcid":"10976147","cited_by_count":2,"techniques":["Binding Assay","Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay","Expressing","Incubation","Residue","Sequencing","Software","Transfection","Vaccines","Variant Assay","Western Blot"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"Viral codon optimization on SARS-CoV-2 Spike boosts immunity in the development of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines.","authors":["Chih-Jen Lai","Dokyun Kim","...","Jae U Jung"],"journal":"Journal of medical virology","date":"2023-11-13","pmid":"37861466","doi":"10.1002/jmv.29183","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":17,"techniques":["Encapsulation","Expressing","In Vitro","Incubation","Plasmid Preparation","Staining","Transfection","Virus","Western Blot"],"bioz_score":"94"},{"title":"A Naïve Phage Display Library-Derived Nanobody Neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 and Three Variants of Concern","authors":["Dandan Wu","Junxiao Cong","...","Liang Ye"],"journal":"International Journal of Nanomedicine","date":"2023-10-16","pmid":"","doi":"10.2147/IJN.S427990","pmcid":"10588750","cited_by_count":0,"techniques":["Activity Assay","Binding Assay","Blocking Assay","Clone Assay","Competitive Binding Assay","Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay","Fluorescence","In Vitro","Incubation","Infection","Luciferase","Marker","Molecular Weight","Neutralization","Positive Control","Purification","SDS Page","Sequencing","Tube Formation Assay","Variant Assay","Virus"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"Cross-protection and cross-neutralization capacity of ancestral and VOC-matched SARS-CoV-2 adenoviral vector-based vaccines.","authors":["Sabrina E Vinzón","María V Lopez","...","Osvaldo L Podhajcer"],"journal":"NPJ vaccines","date":"2023-10-04","pmid":"37794010","doi":"10.1038/s41541-023-00737-4","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":2,"techniques":["Blocking Assay","Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay","Recombinant"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"Durable protection against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is induced by an adjuvanted subunit vaccine","authors":["Prabhu S. Arunachalam","Yupeng Feng","...","Bali Pulendran"],"journal":"Science translational medicine","date":"2023-08-30","pmid":"35976993","doi":"10.1126/scitranslmed.abq4130","pmcid":"10466502","cited_by_count":36,"techniques":["Activation Assay","Infection","Labeling","Neutralization","Quantitative RT-PCR"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Unvaccinated High-Risk Pregnant Women in the Bronx, NY, USA Is Associated with Decreased Apgar Scores and Placental Villous Infarcts.","authors":["Sandra E Reznik","Patricia M Vuguin","...","Maureen J Charron"],"journal":"Biomolecules","date":"2023-08-29","pmid":"37627289","doi":"10.3390/biom13081224","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":0,"techniques":["Immunohistochemistry","In Situ Hybridization","Infection","Polymerase Chain Reaction","Positive Control"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"A new vaccine strategy based on VLSs for use against SARS-CoV-2 variants: Evaluation of their immune effectiveness and investigation of the mechanism","authors":["Qihan Li","Jingjing Zhang","...","Kaili Ma"],"journal":"Research Square","date":"2023-08-02","pmid":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3134015/v1","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":0,"techniques":["Fluorescence","Incubation","Microscopy","Plaque Assay","Virus"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"Novel Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticles for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron mRNA Delivery.","authors":["Jinrong Long","Changxiao Yu","...","Shengqi Wang"],"journal":"Advanced Healthcare Materials","date":"2023-05-22","pmid":"36716702","doi":"","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":14,"techniques":["Cell Culture","Expressing","Imaging","Membrane","Molecular Weight","Radio Immunoprecipitation","SDS Page","Saline","Staining","Western Blot"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"COVID-19 convalescent plasma boosts early antibody titer and does not influence the adaptive immune response","authors":["John F. McDyer","Mahzad Azimpouran","...","Philip J. Norris"],"journal":"JCI insight","date":"2023-04-24","pmid":"36862515","doi":"","pmcid":"10174456","cited_by_count":9,"techniques":["Infection"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"Live-attenuated vaccine sCPD9 elicits superior mucosal and systemic immunity to SARS-CoV-2 variants in hamsters","authors":["Geraldine Nouailles","Julia M. Adler","...","Jakob Trimpert"],"journal":"Nature Microbiology","date":"2023-04-03","pmid":"37012419","doi":"10.1038/s41564-023-01352-8","pmcid":"10159847","cited_by_count":42,"techniques":["Avidin-Biotin Assay","Binding Assay","Imaging","Incubation","Microscopy","Plasmid Preparation","Recombinant","Software"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"Pre-existing Immunity to Endemic Human Coronaviruses Does Not Affect the Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Spike in a Murine Vaccination Model.","authors":["Ahn Young Jeong","Pureum Lee","...","Doo-Jin Kim"],"journal":"Immune Network","date":"2023-04-01","pmid":"37179748","doi":"","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":2,"techniques":["Cell Culture","Incubation","Membrane","Transferring","Western Blot"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"Analysis of Antibodies Induced after SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Using Antigen Coded Bead Array Luminex Technology.","authors":["Zixuan Song","Qizhi Luo","...","Yizhou Zou"],"journal":"Vaccines","date":"2023-02-15","pmid":"36851319","doi":"","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":1,"techniques":["Comparison","Negative Control","Produced","Vaccines","Variant Assay"],"bioz_score":"94"},{"title":"Cyclophilin A‐mediated mitigation of coronavirus SARS‐CoV ‐2","authors":["Simranjeet Singh Sekhon","Woo‐Ri Shin","...","Yang‐Hoon Kim"],"journal":"Bioengineering & Translational Medicine","date":"2022-10-27","pmid":"","doi":"10.1002/btm2.10436","pmcid":"9874840","cited_by_count":7,"techniques":["Binding Assay","Concentration Assay","Far Western Blot","Labeling","Recombinant","Software","Staining","Stripping Membranes","Variant Assay","Western Blot"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"Large-Scale Functionalized Metasurface-Based SARS-CoV-2 Detection and Quantification","authors":["Rajib Ahmed","Carlos F. 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Dumont"],"journal":"Transfusion","date":"2021-06-20","pmid":"34121205","doi":"10.1111/trf.16555","pmcid":"8447038","cited_by_count":42,"techniques":["Fluorescence","High Content Screening","Imaging","Incubation","Infection","Neutralization","Staining"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"A novel bivalent DNA vaccine encoding both spike protein receptor-binding domain and nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 to elicit T cell and neutralising antibody responses that cross react with variants","authors":["Brentville VA","Vankemmelbeke M","...","Durrant LG"],"journal":"bioRxiv","date":"2021-06-18","pmid":"","doi":"10.1101/2021.06.18.448932","pmcid":"","cited_by_count":0,"techniques":["Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay","Sandwich ELISA"],"bioz_score":"93"},{"title":"A Sensitive and Specific Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Serodiagnosis of COVID-19 in Animals","authors":["Susanna K. P. 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