| Catalog No. | Size | Price (USD) |
| 40591-V08H10-100 | 100 µg | $666.50 |
General Information
| Formulation | Lyophilized from sterile PBS, pH 7.4. Please contact us for any concerns or special requirements. Normally 5 % - 8 % trehalose, mannitol and 0.01% Tween80 are added as protectants before lyophilization. Please refer to the specific buffer information in the hardcopy of datasheet or the lot-specific COA. |
| Endotoxin | < 1.0 EU per μg protein as determined by the LAL method. |
| Shipping | In general, recombinant proteins are provided as lyophilized powder which are shipped at ambient temperature. Bulk packages of recombinant proteins are provided as frozen liquid. They are shipped out with blue ice unless customers require otherwise. |
| Stability & Storage | Samples are stable for up to twelve months from date of receipt at -20℃ to -80℃. Store it under sterile conditions at -20℃ to -80℃. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Reconstitution | To find reconstitution info, click on 'COA' at the top of the page, enter the lot number and product size for the lot-specific COA. |
| Purity | > 90 % as determined by SDS-PAGE. |
| Activity | Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized Human ACE2 (mFc tag)(Cat: 10108-H05H) at 2 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) Spike S1(K417N, E484K, N501Y, D614G)-His(Cat:40591-V08H10), the EC 50 of SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) Spike S1(K417N, E484K, N501Y, D614G)-His(Cat:40591-V08H10) is 15-90 ng/mL. |
| Protein Construction | A DNA sequence encoding the SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) Spike S1(K417N, E484K, N501Y, D614G)-His Recombinant Protein (YP_009724390.1) (Met1-Arg685(K417N, E484K, N501Y, D614G)) was expressed with a polyhistidine tag at the C-terminus. |
| Accession# | YP_009724390.1 |
| Expressed Host | HEK293 Cells |
| Species | SARS-CoV-2 |
| Predicted N Terminal | Val 16 |
| Molecule Mass | The recombinant SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) Spike S1(K417N, E484K, N501Y, D614G)-His Recombinant Protein consists of 681 amino acids and predicts a molecular mass of 76.4 kDa. As a result of glycosylation, it migrates as an approximately 114.7 kDa band in SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. |
Image / Experimental Information
| Image 1 Alt Text | 2019-nCoV Coronavirus spike Protein 31547 |
| Image 1 URL | Source image |
| Image 2 Alt Text | SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus spike Protein 31923 |
| Image 2 URL | Source image |
Background Information
| Description | The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses contains protrusions that will only bind to certain receptors on the host cell. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2), DPP4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4), APN (aminopeptidase N), CEACAM (carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule), Sia (sialic acid), O-ac Sia (O-acetylated sialic acid). The spike is essential for both host specificity and viral infectivity. The term 'peplomer' is typically used to refer to a grouping of heterologous proteins on the virus surface that function together. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process. It's been reported that SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 coronavirus, 2019-nCoV) can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion. The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity. The main functions for the Spike protein are summarized as: Mediate receptor binding and membrane fusion; Defines the range of the hosts and specificity of the virus; Main component to bind with the neutralizing antibody; Key target for vaccine design; Can be transmitted between different hosts through gene recombination or mutation of the receptor binding domain (RBD), leading to a higher mortality rate. |
| References |
|
title: Spectroscopic secondary structure fingerprint of β-variant of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein
authors: Rosanna Mosetti; Tiziana Mancini; ...; Annalisa D’Arco
journal: European Biophysics Journal
date: 2025-07-21
pmid: 40691293
doi: 10.1007/s00249-025-01782-8
cited_by_count: 2
techniques: Electrophoresis; Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis; Variant Assay
bioz_score: 92
title: Effect of Fusion to the LTB Carrier Protein on Coronavirus Spike Protein Vaccine Candidates Produced in Maize
authors: Erin Egelkrout; Magdalena Maj; ...; Fei Yu
journal: Viruses
date: 2024-12-24
pmid: 39861796
pmcid: 11768699
cited_by_count: 1
techniques: Binding Assay; Construct; Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay; Expressing; Glycoproteomics; Incubation; Membrane; Positive Control; Produced; Recombinant; Transformation Assay; Western Blot
bioz_score: 92
title: Glycan masking of NTD loops with a chimeric RBD of the spike protein as a vaccine design strategy against emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants.
authors: Hao-Chan Hung; Boon-Fatt Tan; ...; Suh-Chin Wu
journal: Journal of medical virology
date: 2024-08-28
pmid: 39192804
doi: 10.1002/jmv.29893
cited_by_count: 1
techniques: Blocking Assay; Concentration Assay; Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay; Recombinant; Serial Dilution; Variant Assay
bioz_score: 92
title: Saponin nanoparticle adjuvants incorporating Toll-like receptor agonists drive distinct immune signatures and potent vaccine responses
authors: Ben S. Ou; Julie Baillet; ...; Eric A. Appel
journal: Science Advances
date: 2024-08-09
doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adn7187
pmcid: 11305391
cited_by_count: 0
bioz_score: 92
title: SARS-CoV-2 mucosal vaccine protects against clinical disease with sex bias in efficacy.
authors: Yongjun Sui; Hanne Andersen; ...; Jay A Berzofsky
journal: Vaccine
date: 2024-01-01
pmid: 38071106
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.11.059
cited_by_count: 2
techniques: Adjuvant; Variant Assay
bioz_score: 92
title: Nanobodies to multiple spike variants and inhalation of nanobody-containing aerosols neutralize SARS-CoV-2 in cell culture and hamsters.
authors: Metin Aksu; Priya Kumar; ...; Dirk Görlich
journal: Antiviral research
date: 2023-12-07
pmid: 38065245
doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105778
cited_by_count: 26
techniques: Mutagenesis; Selection
bioz_score: 92
title: Broad and Durable Humoral Responses Following Single Hydrogel Immunization of SARS-CoV-2 Subunit Vaccine.
authors: Ben S Ou; Olivia M Saouaf; ...; Eric A Appel
journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials
date: 2023-11-13
pmid: 37278391
doi: 10.1002/adhm.202301495
cited_by_count: 21
techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
bioz_score: 92
title: Saponin Nanoparticle Adjuvants Incorporating Toll-Like Receptor Agonists Improve Vaccine Immunomodulation
authors: Ou Ben S.; Baillet Julie; ...; Appel Eric A.
journal: bioRxiv
date: 2023-07-31
cited_by_count: 0
techniques: Binding Assay; Neutralization
bioz_score: 92
title: Accurately Detecting Trace‐Level Infectious Agents by an Electro‐Enhanced Graphene Transistor
authors: Changhao Dai; Yi Yang; ...; Dacheng Wei
journal: Advanced Functional Materials
date: 2023-03-28
doi: 10.1002/adfm.202300151
cited_by_count: 13
techniques: Microscopy; Raman Spectroscopy; Recombinant; Virus
bioz_score: 92
title: Protection from COVID-19 disease in hamsters vaccinated with subunit SARS-CoV-2 S1 mucosal vaccines adjuvanted with different adjuvants
authors: Yongjun Sui; Hanne Andersen; ...; Jay A. Berzofsky
journal: Frontiers in Immunology
date: 2023-03-20
pmid: 37020550
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1154496
pmcid: 10067881
cited_by_count: 5
techniques: Recombinant; Variant Assay
bioz_score: 92
title: Optimized ACE2 decoys neutralize antibody-resistant SARS-CoV-2 variants through functional receptor mimicry and treat infection in vivo
authors: James A. Torchia; Alexander H. Tavares; ...; Gordon J. Freeman
journal: Science Advances
date: 2022-12-01
pmid: 36475798
doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abq6527
pmcid: 9728973
cited_by_count: 15
techniques: Incubation; Recombinant
bioz_score: 92
title: Serum Fc-Mediated Monocyte Phagocytosis Activity Is Stable for Several Months after SARS-CoV-2 Asymptomatic and Mildly Symptomatic Infection
authors: Sindhu Vangeti; Sivakumar Periasamy; ...; Angela I. Bordin
journal: Microbiology Spectrum
date: 2022-11-14
pmid: 36374040
doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01837-22
pmcid: 9769986
cited_by_count: 6
bioz_score: 92
title: DNA-delivered antibody cocktail exhibits improved pharmacokinetics and confers prophylactic protection against SARS-CoV-2
authors: Elizabeth M. Parzych; Jianqiu Du; ...; David B. Weiner
journal: Nature Communications
date: 2022-10-06
doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-33309-6
pmcid: 9537531
cited_by_count: 16
techniques: Activity Assay; Binding Assay; Clone Assay; Construct; Derivative Assay; Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay; Expressing; Histopathology; MANN-WHITNEY; Mutagenesis; Neutralization; Plasmid Preparation; Recombinant; Staining; Two Tailed Test; Variant Assay
bioz_score: 92
title: GSK3326595 is a promising drug to prevent SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron and other variants infection by inhibiting ACE2‐R671 di‐methylation
authors: Zhongwei Li; Hongmei Yong; ...; Jin Bai
journal: Journal of medical virology
date: 2022-09-28
pmid: 36114164
doi: 10.1002/jmv.28158
pmcid: 9537780
cited_by_count: 10
techniques: Construct; Expressing; Mutagenesis; Plasmid Preparation; Variant Assay
bioz_score: 92
title: Nanobody engineering for SARS-CoV-2 neutralization and detection
authors: Hannula Liina; Kuivanen Suvi; ...; Rissanen Ilona
journal: bioRxiv
date: 2022-09-14
doi: 10.1101/2022.09.14.507920
cited_by_count: 1
techniques: Microarray; Mutagenesis; Variant Assay
bioz_score: 93
title: Potent and broad neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) including omicron sub-lineages BA.1 and BA.2 by biparatopic human VH domains
authors: Chuan Chen; James W. Saville; ...; Wei Li
journal: iScience
date: 2022-07-20
pmid: 35875685
doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104798
pmcid: 9296231
cited_by_count: 2
techniques: Luciferase; Plasmid Preparation; Recombinant; Sequencing; Software; Variant Assay; Virus
bioz_score: 92
title: Influenza virus-like particle-based hybrid vaccine containing RBD induces immunity against influenza and SARS-CoV-2 viruses
authors: Bommireddy Ramireddy; Stone Shannon; ...; Selvaraj Periasamy
journal: bioRxiv
date: 2022-02-01
doi: 10.1101/2022.02.01.478657
cited_by_count: 0
techniques: Purification; Variant Assay
bioz_score: 92
title: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 swine glyco-humanized polyclonal antibody XAV-19 retains neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (Omicron)
authors: Vanhove Bernard; Marot Stéphane; ...; Calvez Vincent
journal: bioRxiv
date: 2022-01-26
doi: 10.1101/2022.01.26.477856
cited_by_count: 0
techniques: Infection; Isolation; Mutagenesis; Recombinant; Variant Assay
bioz_score: 92
title: Ultraprecise Antigen 10-in-1 Pool Testing by Multiantibodies Transistor Assay.
authors: Changhao Dai; Mingquan Guo; ...; Dacheng Wei
journal: Journal of the American Chemical Society
date: 2021-12-08
pmid: 34792340
cited_by_count: 16
techniques: Recombinant
bioz_score: 92
title: Highly synergistic combinations of nanobodies that target SARS-CoV-2 and are resistant to escape
authors: Fred D Mast; Peter C Fridy; ...; Miles P Davenport
journal: eLife
date: 2021-12-07
pmid: 34874007
doi: 10.7554/eLife.73027
pmcid: 8651292
cited_by_count: 50
techniques: Activity Assay; Binding Assay; Control; Expressing; Flow Cytometry; Incubation; Infection; Integrative Structural Biology; Isolation; Luciferase; Mutagenesis; Neutralization; Plasmid Preparation; Protein Binding; Protein Purification; Recombinant; SPR Assay; Sequencing; Single Cell; Software; Spectrophotometry; Staining; Variant Assay; Virus
bioz_score: 92
title: XAV-19, a Swine Glyco-Humanized Polyclonal Antibody Against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domain, Targets Multiple Epitopes and Broadly Neutralizes Variants
authors: Bernard Vanhove; Stéphane Marot; ...; Vincent Calvez
journal: Frontiers in Immunology
date: 2021-11-15
pmid: 34868003
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.761250
pmcid: 8634597
cited_by_count: 10
techniques: Binding Assay; Concentration Assay; Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay; Generated; In Vitro; Infection; Inhibition; Isolation; Microscopy; Mutagenesis; Neutralization; Recombinant; Variant Assay
bioz_score: 92
title: Glycan-masking spike antigen in NTD and RBD elicits broadly neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants
authors: Lin Wei-Shuo; Chen I-Chen; ...; Wu Suh-Chin
journal: bioRxiv
date: 2021-11-02
doi: 10.1101/2021.11.01.466834
cited_by_count: 0
techniques: Blocking Assay; Concentration Assay; Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay; Recombinant; Serial Dilution; Variant Assay
bioz_score: 92
title: An intranasally administrated SARS-CoV-2 beta variant subunit booster vaccine prevents beta variant viral replication in rhesus macaques
authors: Sui Yongjun; Li Jianping; ...; Berzofsky Jay A.
journal: bioRxiv
date: 2021-10-20
doi: 10.1101/2021.10.19.464990
cited_by_count: 0
techniques: Recombinant; Variant Assay
bioz_score: 92
title: In Vitro Effect of Taraxacum officinale Leaf Aqueous Extract on the Interaction between ACE2 Cell Surface Receptor and SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein D614 and Four Mutants
authors: Hoai Thi Thu Tran; Michael Gigl; ...; Annie Mayence
journal: Pharmaceuticals
date: 2021-10-17
pmid: 34681279
doi: 10.3390/ph14101055
pmcid: 8538008
cited_by_count: 16
techniques: Binding Assay; Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay; Expressing; Flow Cytometry; Fluorescence; Incubation; Inhibition; Recombinant; Staining
bioz_score: 93
title: Hydrogel‐Based Slow Release of a Receptor‐Binding Domain Subunit Vaccine Elicits Neutralizing Antibody Responses Against SARS‐CoV‐2
authors: Emily C. Gale; Abigail E. Powell; ...; Eric A. Appel
journal: Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
date: 2021-10-14
pmid: 34651342
pmcid: 8646307
cited_by_count: 87
techniques: Incubation; Mutagenesis
bioz_score: 92
title: The neutralization potency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutic human monoclonal antibodies is retained against viral variants
authors: Efi Makdasi; Anat Zvi; ...; Ronit Rosenfeld
journal: Cell Reports
date: 2021-08-21
pmid: 34464610
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109679
pmcid: 8379094
cited_by_count: 15
techniques: Binding Assay; In Vitro; Incubation; Infection; Inhibition; Neutralization; Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test; Recombinant; Software; Variant Assay
bioz_score: 92
title: Full-Length Recombinant hSP-D Binds and Inhibits SARS-CoV-2
authors: Raquel Arroyo; Shawn N. Grant; ...; Jesús Pérez-Gil
journal: Biomolecules
date: 2021-07-28
pmid: 34439781
doi: 10.3390/biom11081114
pmcid: 8393632
cited_by_count: 13
techniques: Recombinant
bioz_score: 92
title: Cornering an Ever-Evolving Coronavirus: TATX-03, a fully human synergistic multi-antibody cocktail targeting the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with in vivo efficacy
authors: Roodink Ilse; van Erp Maartje; ...; Abdiche Yasmina N
journal: bioRxiv
date: 2021-07-21
doi: 10.1101/2021.07.20.452858
cited_by_count: 0
techniques: Binding Assay; Clone Assay; Concentration Assay; Generated; Neutralization; Produced; Recombinant; Sequencing; Titration
bioz_score: 92
title: A Rapid Saliva Test for Monitoring Immune Protection against SARS -CoV-2 and its Variants
authors: Momyer Victoria SA.; Dixon Samantha; ...; Sang L. Jessica
journal: medRxiv
date: 2021-07-14
doi: 10.1101/2021.07.09.21260224
cited_by_count: 0
techniques: Variant Assay
bioz_score: 92
title: The neutralization potency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutic human monoclonal antibodies is retained against novel viral variants
authors: Makdasi Efi; Zvi Anat; ...; Rosenfeld Ronit
journal: bioRxiv
date: 2021-07-09
doi: 10.1101/2021.04.01.438035
cited_by_count: 0
techniques: Binding Assay; Produced; Recombinant
bioz_score: 92
title: A human antibody of potent efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques showed strong blocking activity to B.1.351
authors: Chunyin Gu; Xiaodan Cao; ...; Su-Jun Deng
journal: mAbs
date: 2021-06-07
pmid: 34097570
doi: 10.1080/19420862.2021.1930636
pmcid: 8189090
cited_by_count: 14
techniques: Activity Assay; Binding Assay; Blocking Assay; Clone Assay; Concentration Assay; Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay; Expressing; Immunohistochemical staining; In Vivo; Incubation; Infection; Inhibition; Injection; Labeling; Light Microscopy; Luciferase; Modification; Neutralization; Plasmid Preparation; Purification; Quantitative RT-PCR; Sequencing; Software; Staining
bioz_score: 92
title: Humoral immune response to circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants elicited by inactivated and RBD-subunit vaccines
authors: Yunlong Cao; Ayijiang Yisimayi; ...; Xiaoliang Sunney Xie
journal: Cell Research
date: 2021-05-21
pmid: 34021265
doi: 10.1038/s41422-021-00514-9
pmcid: 8138844
cited_by_count: 120
techniques: Blocking Assay; Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay; Incubation; Mutagenesis; Recombinant; Titer Assay
bioz_score: 92
title: A bivalent recombinant vaccine targeting the S1 protein induces neutralizing antibodies against both SARS‐CoV‐2 variants and wild‐type of the virus
authors: Cai He; Jingyun Yang; ...; Xiawei Wei
journal: MedComm
date: 2021-05-17
pmid: 34226895
doi: 10.1002/mco2.72
pmcid: 8242662
cited_by_count: 36
techniques: Binding Assay; Expressing; Flow Cytometry; Infection; Inhibition; Luciferase; Mutagenesis; Neutralization; Produced; Recombinant; Sampling
bioz_score: 92
title: A human antibody with blocking activity to RBD proteins of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants including B.1.351 showed potent prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques
authors: Gu Chunyin; Cao Xiaodan; ...; Deng Su-Jun
journal: bioRxiv
date: 2021-02-08
doi: 10.1101/2021.02.07.429299
cited_by_count: 0
techniques: Activity Assay; Binding Assay; Blocking Assay; Clone Assay; Concentration Assay; Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay; Expressing; Immunohistochemical staining; In Vivo; Incubation; Infection; Inhibition; Injection; Labeling; Light Microscopy; Luciferase; Modification; Neutralization; Plasmid Preparation; Purification; Quantitative RT-PCR; Sequencing; Software; Staining
bioz_score: 92
